git


github forking

2011-09-09 16:25:23 -0700

I don't think GitHub's default workflow for forking a repo is ideal for my needs. Most of the time when I fork a repo, my aim is to fix something or add a small new feature which I will eventually submit upstream as a pull request. While I am hacking away or living with my modifications for a while before I submit them, I want to continue to be able to easily pull in upstream changes as well. So whenever I fork a repo, I want the following:

  • The master branch will track the pristine upstream master. Whenever I have no changes of my own pending, I can just switch my work tree to use master to keep up with the latest changes with a simple git pull.
  • A volatile hack branch where I work on my changes. This is volatile since I'll regularly be rebasing onto the head of master.
  • A volatile pullme branch where I will put changes that are ready for a pull request submission. I may want to continue to hack away in hack while I'm waiting for the resolution of my pull request, so this is analogous to a release branch. But this is volatile since, for the sake of simplicity, I'll be resetting it whenever I'm ready to submit a new pull request.

(By volatile, I mean that I can feel free to rewrite the history on these branches without repercussions.)

So here's how I go about forking a GitHub repo:

git clone <upstream_repo>         # e.g. http://github.com/mxcl/homebrew.git
cd <upstream_repo_name>           # e.g. homebrew
git remote add fork <forked_repo> # e.g. git@github.com:SethMilliken/homebrew.git
git config branch.hack.remote fork
git config branch.hack.merge refs/heads/hack
git branch --no-track hack origin/master
git push fork hack:refs/heads/hack
git checkout hack

At this point here's how things look branches-wise:

$ git branch -r
* hack
  master
  remotes/fork/hack
  remotes/fork/master
  remotes/origin/HEAD -> origin/master
  remotes/origin/master

remotes/fork/master is what the GitHub website uses for it's default branch. I like to clean this up to remove any chance of ambiguity about the name master. To me, master always means the authoritative branch from the canonical repository, never a branch in my fork. Here is how I tidy this up:

  1. Click the Admin button on the forked repo's GitHub page.
  2. Change the Default Branch to "hack".
  3. Delete the forked repo's master with git push fork :master.

If there were a way to name the default branch when you first fork, or to subsequently rename it via a commandline git command, that would simplify things a bit.

To rebase my changes onto incoming upstream, which I do periodically as I'm hacking, and again immediately before submitting a pull request:

git pull --rebase origin master

When I'm finally ready to submit a pull request, here is what I do:

git branch -f pullme hack
git push fork pullme:refs/heads/pullme

This essentially replaces the pullme branch with the current state of the hack branch.

And after my pull request is accepted, I switch back to master.

git checkout master


hg stash

2011-02-28 21:34:32 -0800

I have become accustomed in Git to using git stash to temporarily set aside in-progress changes in my working directory before pulling from upstream. Whenever I use Mercurial now, I find myself wanting analogous functionality. The Googles don't seem to turn up any decent techniques for this, so I have repeatedly reinvented a series incantations to abuse Mercurial's mq extension to provide it. Yet I always manage to forget whatever trick I used by the time I want to do it again. I finally decided to fix it for good, giving myself hg stash and hg pop, allowing a workflow in a dirty working copy that goes something like:

hg stash
hg fetch
hg pop

Here are the relevant .hgrc lines:

[alias]
stash = !hg qinit &>2 /dev/null; hg qqueue --create stash-temp && hg qnew stash && hg qfinish tip && hg strip tip && hg qqueue patches && hg qqueue --purge stash-temp
pop = !hg -R .hg/strip-backup/`ls -rt .hg/strip-backup/ | tail -1` diff -r tip | patch -p 1 -R

Breaking it down:

# hg stash
hg qinit &>2 /dev/null              # initialize mqueue in this directory
                                    # ignore error output since this has likely already been done
                                    # (this could be potentially be problematic if there is some other problem)
hg qqueue --create stash-temp       # create a new patch queue so we don't mess with any existing ones
hg qnew stash                       # create the 'stash' patch with the outstanding modifications
hg qfinish tip                      # apply the patch
hg strip tip                        # now strip it (for the side-effect of the backup bundle)
hg qqueue patches                   # switch back to original patch queue
hg qqueue --purge stash-temp        # delete the temporary patch queue
# hg pop
hg -R .hg/strip-backup/`ls -rt .hg/strip-backup/ | tail -1`     # use the strip bundle as the repository
                                                                # finding it with some shell tricks
                                                                # (likely a better, more portable way to do this)
diff -r tip                                                     # output it as a diff
patch -p 1 -R                                                   # apply that output as a patch
                                                                # and reverse patch since we spun things around
                                                                # with the bundle

Your working copy's .hg/strip-backup/ directory could start to fill up if you use this a lot, so you may want to clean it out occasionally. I decided to not have hg pop automatically cleanup the bundle just in case something goes wrong.

And why not just hg diff > stash.diff && hg revert --all to stash and patch -p 1 < stash.diff to pop? That doesn't really handle binaries, and somehow it feels a little too dangerous to me. But, yeah, for the majority of cases that would probably be sufficient. So I'll leave that here, too:

[alias]
stash = !hg diff > stash.diff && hg revert --all
pop = !patch -p 1